Clinical manifestations of brain tumors Brain tumors are clinically manifested by one of the following syndromes: subacute progression of a focal neurological deficit, seizures or neurological non-focal impairment. Metastatic tumors is manifested by systemic symptoms as anorexia, weight loss, malaise and feeling feverish. Neurological syndromes are the result of focus and white matter neurons compression [...]
Pseudotumor brain tumor processes These pathological processes lead to intracranial hypertension, but do not fit into clinical pictures that follow. These inflammatory processes are: arahnoidiene cysts, arachnoiditis of posterior fossa, aqueduct of Sylvius inflammatory occlusion.
Stiff man syndrome Stiff man syndrome also known as Moersch-Woltman disease is a rare neurological disorder of unknown etiology characterized by progressive stiffness. Affected individuals experience progressive tonic fluctuating of muscle contractions, especially of the axial muscles. Depression and anxiety are often noted although these may be the result of discomfort, than neurochemical abnormalities. MRI [...]
Cockayne syndrome Cockayne syndrome was first described in 1936 by English physician Cockayne. It is a rare disorder associated with trisomy 20. It is characterized by: – Mental retardation, – Optical atrophy, – Dwarfism, – Perception deafness, – Hypersensitivity of skin to sunlight, – Pigmentary degeneration of the retina and – Cataracts. You can also [...]
Villaret’s syndrome It is a group of disorders caused by unilateral and simultaneous paralysis of the last four pairs of cranial nerves IX, X, XI and XII and the sympathetic nerves. Clinically characterized by manifested symptoms of Horner’s syndrome – miosis, ptosis and decreased facial swet on the same side. Common causes are tumors of [...]
Collet-Sicard syndrome It is a syndrome caused by damage to cranial nerves pair IX, X, XI and XII. Collet-Sicard syndrome: unilateral lesions of the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth cranial nerves producing Vernet syndrome and paralysis of the tongue on the same side.
Gradenigo syndrome Involves the cranial nerves pairs V and VI. Headquarters is located at the tip bone stones lesion. The etiology of this syndrome is a localized osteitis stones or a tumor in the internal auditory canal.
Jacod syndrome Jacod syndrome is clinically manifested by unilateral blindness and ophthalmoplegia with facial hemiplegia or trigeminal neuralgia. Are affected cranial nerves II, III, IV, V and VI. The lesions is on retrosfenoidal space. Common causes are tumors cranial fossa capacitive middle of temporal fossa, intracondilian that compress the nerves. This syndrome is known as [...]
Foix-Tolosa-Hunt syndrome Foix-Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, is clinicaly something like cavernous sinus syndrome. Are affected cranial nerves III, IV, the first branch of the trigeminal nerve and nerve VI. Lesion is the headquarters of the cavernous sinus lateral wall are seen. Common causes are aneurysms and cavernous sinus thrombosis, invasive tumors of the cavernous sinus and Turkish [...]
Foix syndrome Foix syndrome is also called cavernous sinus syndrome. Translates clinically by edema and ptosis, with paralysis of cranial nerves III, IV and VI. Lesion is the headquarters of sphenoid fissure are seen. Common cause of the syndrome are invasive tumors and aneurysms of the sphenoid bone.
Venous angioma Venous angioma, benign tumor formed by widening blood vessels, is rarely seen, but was found at necropsy examinations. It is located predominantly in the frontal lobe and subtentorial supratentorial in cerebellum. The potential for bleeding in the cerebellum is greatly increased when used concurrently with cavernous angioma.
Vasospasm Vasospasm refers to a condition in which blood vessels spasm, leading to vasoconstriction. This can lead to tissue ischemia and death (necrosis). Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Symptomatic vasospasm or delayed cerebral ischemia is a major contributor to post-operative stroke and death especially after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Vasospasm typically [...]